Zineb
Identification Number: CASRN | 12122-67-7

  Substance Attributes

• Known Human Carcinogen

  This is a serious nasty substance. Exposure to this substance leads to cancer in Humans. Exercise extreme caution with this substance, explore your exposure routes and very seriously consider complete avoidance. See further details under Toxins.

• Carcinogenic Properties

  Accumulating evidence points to cancer potential. Exercise caution with this substance, explore your exposure routes and consider complete avoidance. See further details under Toxins.

• Metabolic Interference or Disruption

  Interferes with human metabolism. This can be a very serious thing. Some of these interference mechanics are well established. However, often long term effects and health consequences remain largely unknown. Additionally an emerging area of concern and one that is not currently studied, is the combined synergistic effects these metabolically disrupting chemicals have on human health.

  
  

  Metabolic interference happens when the substance produces highly reactive and often damaging intermediates during detoxification or when the substance binds to specific enzymes, important structural groups on molecules, receptors and membranes or targets DNA or mimics key nutrients.

• Exposure Produces Health Symptoms

  Symptoms maybe short term or long term depending on the exposure duration and intensity and effects areas like Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, Cognition, Fatigue. A substance with this attribute may cause an allergic skin reaction, serious eye irritation, allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled.

• Toxic to Bees

  Bees pollinate plants. No pollination no plants. No plants no food. We go hungry or starve.

These attributes are ONLY based on peer-reviewed evidence. See link to Data Sources below. Everyone benefits from knowing this stuff. Please Share.

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• CATEGORIES: Pesticide | Synthetic Toxin | Indirect Additives Used in Food Contact Substances | PESTICIDE active ingredient | organic | fungicide | Pesticide or Plant Growth Regulator Approved in Australia | Slightly Toxic and Dangerous to Bees. Currently used in USA as a pesticide | A Hazardous Substance that may be found in the Australian Workplace
• SUBSTANCE LINEAGE: Organic Compounds | Organosulfur Compounds | Thiocarbonyl Compounds | Thiocarbamic Acid Derivatives | Organic Transition Metal Compounds
• SYNONYMS: ((1,2-Ethanediylbis(carbamodithioato))(2-))zinc | 1,2-Ethanediylbis(carbamodithioato) (2-)-S,S'-zinc | 1,2-Ethanediylbiscarbamodithioic acid | zinc complex | Aaphytora | Aphytora | Aspor | Asporum | Blightox | Blizene | Bombardier | Carbadine | Chem zineb | Cineb | Clortocaffaro | Crittox | Crystal zineb | Cynkotox | Daisen | Deikusol | Devizeb | Dipher | Discon | Discon-z | Dithane 65 | Dithane z | Dithane Z-78 | Ditiamina | Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamato)zinc | Ethylenebis(dithiocarbamic acid) | zinc salt | Fitodith 80 | Fungo-pulvit | Funjeb | Hexathane | Kupratsin | Kypzin | Lipotan | Lirotan | Lonacol | Metiram-zinc | Micide | Micide 55 | Novosir n | Novozin N 50 | Novozir | Novozir n | Novozir N 50 | Pamosol 2 forte | Parzate | Parzate c | Parzate zineb | Perosin | Perosin 75B | Perozin | Perozine | Perozine 75B | Phytox | Pilzol SZ | Polyram z | Sperlox-z | Taloberg | Tanazon | Thiodow | Thionic m | Tiazin | Tiezene | Tritoftorol | Tsineb | Unizeb | Zebenide | Zebtox | Zidan | zinc ethane-1,2-diylbis(dithiocarbamate) | Zinc ethane-1,2-diyldicarbamodithioate | Zinc ethylene bisdithiocarbamate | Zinc ethylene-1,2-bisdithiocarbamate | Zinc ethylenebis(dithiocarbamate) (polymeric) | Zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate | Zinc ethylenebisthiocarbamate | Zinc n,n'-ethylenebisdithiocarbamate | Zincethylenebisdithiocarbamate | Zineb 75 | Zineb 75 WP | Zineb 80 | Zineb-R | Zinosan | Zipar | [ethane-1,2-diylbiscarbamodithioato(2-)-kappaS]zinc
• DESCRIPTION: Zineb is a polymeric complex of zinc with the ethylene bis(dithiocarbamate) anionic ligand. It is used as a fungicide to control downy mildews, rusts and redfire disease. Zinc is a metallic element with the atomic number 30. It is found in nature most often as the mineral sphalerite. Though excess zinc in harmful, in smaller amounts it is an essential element for life, as it is a cofactor for over 300 enzymes and is found in just as many transcription factors. (L48, L49, L540)
• COMMENTS: Residues of this pesticide are tested for on Australian Foods | Pesticide approved in Australia
  
  From Safe Work Australia and the Hazardous Substances Information System (HSIS) in Australia:
  
  May cause respiratory irritation. May cause an allergic skin reaction | General Health Hazard | A Hazardous Substance that may be found in the Australian Workplace. Check with your employer or health and safety officer. Stay informed and become aware of the dangers that surround you. This chemical is included on the list of recognised hazardous chemicals from the Safe Work Australia - Hazardous Substances Information System (HSIS) that is based on the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
  
  Work Health and Safety (WHS) Regulations are the basis for hazardous chemicals regulations in Commonwealth, State and Territory jurisdictions in Australia. Under the model WHS Regulations, manufacturers and importers of substances, mixtures and articles supplied for use in workplaces are required to determine whether they are hazardous to health and safety before supply. The model WHS Regulations mandate that the hazards of a chemical as determined by the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) must be included in safety data sheets and on labels. There are transitional arrangements in place for moving to the GHS-based system.
  
  The GHS Hazardous Chemical Information List contains chemicals classified by an authoritative source (such as the European Commission or NICNAS) in accordance with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (the GHS). This list contains the vast majority of chemicals currently in HSIS. This list and its detail are regularly updated by Work Safe Australia. The model Work Health and Safety (WHS) Regulations require chemicals to be classified in accordance with the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). However transitional arrangements allow use of classification information in HSIS derived from the Approved Criteria until the 31 December 2016.
• 
• FORMULA: C4H6N2S4Zn
• DATA SOURCES: DATA SOURCES: T3DB | PubChem | IARC | OEHHA | FDA Indirect Food Additives | Consolidated Pesticide Information Dataset (CPI) from the USA EPA | Compendium of Pesticide Common Names | APVMA | Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation; Honeybee pesticide poisoning: a risk management tool for Australian farmers and beekeepers 2012 | Beekeeping -Department of Entomology - PROTECTING HONEY BEES FROM PESTICIDES, Christian H. Krupke et al.; www.extension.purdue.edu | Safe Work Australia - Hazardous Substances Information System (HSIS)
• LAST UPDATE: 28/04/2018

  Health Associations

Mostly focused on Health Implications of Long Term Exposure to this substance

• SYMPTOMS: Ingestion of large doses of zinc causes stomach cramps, nausea, and vomiting. Acute inhalation of large amounts of zinc causes metal fume fever, which is characterized by chills, fever, headache, weakness, dryness of the nose and throat, chest pain, and coughing. Dermal contact with zinc results in skin irritation. (L49)
• POSSIBLE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES: Chronic exposure to zinc causes anemia, atazia, lethargy, and decreases the level of good cholesterol in the body. It is also believed to cause pancreatic and reproductive damage. (L49) | Zinc can enter the body through the lungs, skin, and gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal absorption of zinc is controlled by zinc carrier protein CRIP. Zinc also binds to metallothioneins, which help prevent absorption of excess zinc. Zinc is widely distributed and found in all tissues and tissues fluids, concentrating in the liver, gastrointestinal tract, kidney, skin, lung, brain, heart, and pancreas. In the bloodstream zinc is found bound to carbonic anhydrase in erythrocytes, as well as bound to albumin, _2-macroglobulin, and amino acids in the the plasma. Albumin and amino acid bound zinc can diffuse across tissue membranes. Zinc is excreted in the urine and faeces. (L49)
• ACTION OF TOXIN: Anaemia results from the excessive absorption of zinc suppressing copper and iron absorption, most likely through competitive binding of intestinal mucosal cells. Unbalanced levels of copper and zinc binding to Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase has been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Stomach acid dissolves metallic zinc to give corrosive zinc chloride, which can cause damage to the stomach lining. Metal fume fever is thought to be an immune response to inhaled zinc. (L48, L49, A49) | Unbalanced levels of copper and zinc binding to Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase has been linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). (A49)
• TOXIN SITES OF ACTION IN CELL: "Cytoplasm", "Extracellular"
• Additional Exposure Routes: Zineb is used as a fungicide to control downy mildews, rusts and redfire disease. (L540)

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