2,4-Dichlorophenoxybutyric acid
Identification Number: CASRN | 94-82-6

  Substance Attributes

• Birth/Developmental

  Known to effect development of fetus.

• Metabolic Interference or Disruption

  Interferes with human metabolism. This can be a very serious thing. Some of these interference mechanics are well established. However, often long term effects and health consequences remain largely unknown. Additionally an emerging area of concern and one that is not currently studied, is the combined synergistic effects these metabolically disrupting chemicals have on human health.

  
  

  Metabolic interference happens when the substance produces highly reactive and often damaging intermediates during detoxification or when the substance binds to specific enzymes, important structural groups on molecules, receptors and membranes or targets DNA or mimics key nutrients.

• Exposure Produces Health Symptoms

  Symptoms maybe short term or long term depending on the exposure duration and intensity and effects areas like Cardiovascular, Gastrointestinal, Cognition, Fatigue. A substance with this attribute may cause an allergic skin reaction, serious eye irritation, allergy or asthma symptoms or breathing difficulties if inhaled.

• Toxic to Wildlife

  May kill plants, fish, birds or other animals and insects or may be very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects. This then effects delicate environmental ecology and food supply in ways we don't fully understand yet.

These attributes are ONLY based on peer-reviewed evidence. See link to Data Sources below. Everyone benefits from knowing this stuff. Please Share.

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• CATEGORIES: Pesticide | Synthetic Toxin | PESTICIDE active ingredient | organic | herbicide | plant growth regulator | Pesticide or Plant Growth Regulator Approved in Australia | Pesticide approved in USA (California) | Pesticide approved or pending approval in EU | A Hazardous Substance that may be found in the Australian Workplace
• SUBSTANCE LINEAGE: Organic Compounds | Benzenoids | Benzene and Substituted Derivatives | Phenol Ethers | Phenol Ethers
• SYNONYMS: (2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid | 2,4-(Dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid | 2,4-D Butyric | 2,4-D Butyric acid | 2,4-DB | 2,4-Dichlorophenoxybutyrate | 4-(2 | 4-Dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid | 4-(2,4-DB) | 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid | 4-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid | Butirex | Butormone | Butoxon | Butoxone | Butoxone amine | Butoxone ester | Butyrac | Butyrac 118 | Butyrac 200 | Butyrac ester | Campbell's DB straight | Caswell No. 316 | Dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid | Embutone | Embutox | Embutox e | Embutox klean-up | gamma-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-butanoic acid | gamma-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)-butyric acid | gamma-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butanoic acid | gamma-(2,4-Dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid | Legumex | Legumex d | Sys 67 Buratal | Venceweed
• DESCRIPTION: 2,4-DB or 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)butyric acid is a selective systemic phenoxy herbicide used to control many annual and perennial broadleaf weeds in alfalfa, peanuts, soybeans, and other crops. Its active metabolite, 2,4-D, inhibits growth at the tips of stems and roots. It is classified in toxicity class III.
• COMMENTS: Residues of this pesticide are tested for on Australian Foods | Pesticide approved in Australia
  
  From Safe Work Australia and the Hazardous Substances Information System (HSIS) in Australia:
  
  Harmful if swallowed. Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects | Environmental Hazard General Health Hazard | A Hazardous Substance that may be found in the Australian Workplace. Check with your employer or health and safety officer. Stay informed and become aware of the dangers that surround you. This chemical is included on the list of recognised hazardous chemicals from the Safe Work Australia - Hazardous Substances Information System (HSIS) that is based on the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS)
  
  Work Health and Safety (WHS) Regulations are the basis for hazardous chemicals regulations in Commonwealth, State and Territory jurisdictions in Australia. Under the model WHS Regulations, manufacturers and importers of substances, mixtures and articles supplied for use in workplaces are required to determine whether they are hazardous to health and safety before supply. The model WHS Regulations mandate that the hazards of a chemical as determined by the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) must be included in safety data sheets and on labels. There are transitional arrangements in place for moving to the GHS-based system.
  
  The GHS Hazardous Chemical Information List contains chemicals classified by an authoritative source (such as the European Commission or NICNAS) in accordance with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (the GHS). This list contains the vast majority of chemicals currently in HSIS. This list and its detail are regularly updated by Work Safe Australia. The model Work Health and Safety (WHS) Regulations require chemicals to be classified in accordance with the Globally Harmonised System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS). However transitional arrangements allow use of classification information in HSIS derived from the Approved Criteria until the 31 December 2016.
• 
• FORMULA: C10H10Cl2O3
• DATA SOURCES: DATA SOURCES: T3DB | PubChem | OEHHA | Consolidated Pesticide Information Dataset (CPI) from the USA EPA | Compendium of Pesticide Common Names | APVMA | DPR | EU Pesticides | Safe Work Australia - Hazardous Substances Information System (HSIS)
• LAST UPDATE: 28/04/2018

  Health Associations

Mostly focused on Health Implications of Long Term Exposure to this substance

• SYMPTOMS: Symptoms of acute oral exposure include vomiting, diarrhea, headache, confusion, renal failure, aggressive or bizarre behavior, hypotension and muscle twitching. Skeletal muscle injury and renal failure may also occur. Prolonged dermal exposure may include skin irritation, whereas prolonged inhalation exposure may lead to coughing and burning sensations in the upper respiratory tract and chest. (L177)
• POSSIBLE HEALTH CONSEQUENCES: All forms of 2,4-DB are considered low in toxicity when absorbed via skin or via inhalation. Female rats fed moderate doses of 75 mg/kg of 2,4-DB, experienced a number of chronic effects including lower ovarian weights, fewer offspring born and lower overall body weight. In addition, numerous offspring (pups) died during lactation. | CDDs are absorbed through oral, inhalation, and dermal routes of exposure. CDDs are carried in the plasma by serum lipids and lipoproteins, distributing mainly to the liver and adipose tissue. CDDs are very slowly metabolized by the microsomal monooxygenase system to polar metabolites that can undergo conjugation with glucuronic acid and glutathione. They may increase the rate of their own metabolism by inducing CDDs induce both phase I and phase II enzymes. The major routes of excretion of CDDs are the bile and the feces, though smaller amounts are excreted in the urine and via lactation. (L177)
• ACTION OF TOXIN: Some of the endocrine effects of 2,4-DB may be mediated by the 2,4-D mediated displacement of sex hormones from the sex hormone binding globulin or the 2,4-D mediated blocking or OAT6 transport proteins that are needed for the transport of functional organic ions and dicarboxylates (including estrone sulfate). | Causes endocrine disruption in humans by binding to and inhibiting the estrogen receptor. (A590)
• TOXIN SITES OF ACTION IN CELL: "Membrane"
• Additional Exposure Routes: Broadleaf herbicide, widely used in agriculture, functions as a synthetic auxin. (L177, L178)

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